ASP.Net Technical Interview Questions 2008 All Latest

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ASP Net Latest Technical Interview Questions 8
ASP Dot Net Technical Interview Questions for freshers 2008
ASP Net Technical Interview Questions and Answers 6
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ASP.net Technical HR Interview Questions 4
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ASP.NET Technical Interveiw Latest Questions 2
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ASP Net Latest Technical Interview Questions 8

Basic .Net and Asp.net Interview Questions:

These questions were asked in a US company hiring a Web developer.

1. Explain the .NET architecture.

2. How many languages .NET is supporting now? - When .NET was introduced it came with several languages. VB.NET, C#, COBOL and Perl, etc. The site DotNetLanguages.Net says 44 languages are supported.

3. How is .NET able to support multiple languages? - a language should comply with the Common Language Runtime standard to become a .NET language. In .NET, code is compiled to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL for short). This is called as Managed Code. This Managed code is run in .NET environment. So after compilation to this IL the language is not a barrier. A code can call or use a function written in another language.

4. How ASP .NET different from ASP? - Scripting is separated from the HTML, Code is compiled as a DLL, these DLLs can be executed on the server.

5. Resource Files: How to use the resource files, how to know which language to use?

6. What is smart navigation? - The cursor position is maintained when the page gets refreshed due to the server side validation and the page gets refreshed.

7. What is view state? - The web is stateless. But in ASP.NET, the state of a page is maintained in the in the page itself automatically. How? The values are encrypted and saved in hidden controls. this is done automatically by the ASP.NET. This can be switched off / on for a single control

8. Explain the life cycle of an ASP .NET page.

9. How do you validate the controls in an ASP .NET page? - Using special validation controls that are meant for this. We have Range Validator, Email Validator.

10. Can the validation be done in the server side? Or this can be done only in the Client side? - Client side is done by default. Server side validation is also possible. We can switch off the client side and server side can be done.

11. How to manage pagination in a page? - Using pagination option in DataGrid control. We have to set the number of records for a page, then it takes care of pagination by itself.

12. What is ADO .NET and what is difference between ADO and ADO.NET? - ADO.NET is stateless mechanism. I can treat the ADO.Net as a separate in-memory database where in I can use relationships between the tables and select insert and updates to the database. I can update the actual database as a batch.

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ASP Dot Net Technical Interview Questions for freshers 2008

asp.net
What is datagrid? The DataGrid Web server control is a powerful tool for displaying information from a data source. It is easy to use; you can display editable data in a professional-looking grid by setting only a few properties. At the same time, the grid has a sophisticated object model that provides you with great flexibility in how you display the data.


What’s the difference between the System.Web.UI.WebControls.DataGrid and and System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid? The Web UI control does not inherently support master-detail data structures. As with other Web server controls, it does not support two-way data binding. If you want to update data, you must write code to do this yourself. You can only edit one row at a time. It does not inherently support sorting, although it raises events you can handle in order to sort the grid contents. You can bind the Web Forms DataGrid to any object that supports the IEnumerable interface. The Web Forms DataGrid control supports paging. It is easy to customize the appearance and layout of the Web Forms DataGrid control as compared to the Windows Forms one.

How do you customize the column content inside the datagrid? If you want to customize the content of a column, make the column a template column. Template columns work like item templates in the DataList or Repeater control, except that you are defining the layout of a column rather than a row.

How do you apply specific formatting to the data inside the cells? You cannot specify formatting for columns generated when the grid’s AutoGenerateColumns property is set to true, only for bound or template columns. To format, set the column’s DataFormatString property to a string-formatting expression suitable for the data type of the data you are formatting.

How do you hide the columns? One way to have columns appear dynamically is to create them at design time, and then to hide or show them as needed. You can do this by setting a column’s Visible property.

"ASP.net software developers technical interview questions for 2008 free online."
How do you display an editable drop-down list? Displaying a drop-down list requires a template column in the grid. Typically, the ItemTemplate contains a control such as a data-bound Label control to show the current value of a field in the record. You then add a drop-down list to the EditItemTemplate. In Visual Studio, you can add a template column in the Property builder for the grid, and then use standard template editing to remove the default TextBox control from the EditItemTemplate and drag a DropDownList control into it instead. Alternatively, you can add the template column in HTML view. After you have created the template column with the drop-down list in it, there are two tasks. The first is to populate the list. The second is to preselect the appropriate item in the list — for example, if a book’s genre is set to “fiction,” when the drop-down list displays, you often want “fiction” to be preselected.

How do you check whether the row data has been changed? The definitive way to determine whether a row has been dirtied is to handle the changed event for the controls in a row. For example, if your grid row contains a TextBox control, you can respond to the control’s TextChanged event. Similarly, for check boxes, you can respond to a CheckedChanged event. In the handler for these events, you maintain a list of the rows to be updated. Generally, the best strategy is to track the primary keys of the affected rows. For example, you can maintain an ArrayList object that contains the primary keys of the rows to update.

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ASP Net Technical Interview Questions and Answers 6

Asp.Net Technical Questions Set with answers

1. Whats an assembly? Assemblies are the building blocks of .NET Framework applications; they form the fundamental unit of deployment, version control, reuse, activation scoping, and security permissions. An assembly is a collection of types and resources that are built to work together and form a logical unit of functionality. An assembly provides the common language runtime with the information it needs to be aware of type implementations. To the runtime, a type does not exist outside the context of an assembly.

2. Describe the difference between inline and code behind - which is best in a loosely coupled solution? ASP.NET supports two modes of page development: Page logic code that is written inside blocks within an .aspx file and dynamically compiled the first time the page is requested on the server. Page logic code that is written within an external class that is compiled prior to deployment on a server and linked "behind" the .aspx file at run time.

3. Explain what a diffgram is, and a good use for one? A DiffGram is an XML format that is used to identify current and original versions of data elements. The DataSet uses the DiffGram format to load and persist its contents, and to serialize its contents for transport across a network connection. When a DataSet is written as a DiffGram, it populates the DiffGram with all the necessary information to accurately recreate the contents, though not the schema, of the DataSet, including column values from both the Original and Current row versions, row error information, and row order.

4. Where would you use an iHTTPModule, and what are the limitations of anyapproach you might take in implementing one? One of ASP.NET’s most useful features is the extensibility of the HTTP pipeline, the path that data takes between client and server. You can use them to extend your ASP.NET applications by adding pre- and post-processing to each HTTP request coming into your application. For example, if you wanted custom authentication facilities for your application, the best technique would be to intercept the request when it comes in and process the request in a custom HTTP module.

5. What are the disadvantages of viewstate/what are the benefits?

6. Describe session handling in a webfarm, how does it work and what are the limits?

7. How would you get ASP.NET running in Apache web servers - why would you even do this?

8. Whats MSIL, and why should my developers need an appreciation of it if at all?

9. In what order do the events of an ASPX page execute. As a developer is it important to undertsand these events? Every Page object (which your .aspx page is) has nine events, most of which you will not have to worry about in your day to day dealings with ASP.NET. The three that you will deal with the most are: Page_Init, Page_Load, Page_PreRender.

10. Which method do you invoke on the DataAdapter control to load your generated dataset with data?
    

    System.Data.Common.DataAdapter.Fill(System.Data.DataSet);

    If my DataAdapter is sqlDataAdapter and my DataSet is dsUsers then it is called this way:

    sqlDataAdapter.Fill(dsUsers);

11. Data in the Repeater control?

12. Which template must you provide, in order to display data in a Repeater control? ItemTemplate

13. How can you provide an alternating color scheme in a Repeater control?
    AlternatingItemTemplate Like the ItemTemplate element, but rendered for every other
    row (alternating items) in the Repeater control. You can specify a different appearance
    for the AlternatingItemTemplate element by setting its style properties.

14. What property must you set, and what method must you call in your code, in order to bind the data from some data source to the Repeater control?
    You must set the DataMember property which Gets or sets the specific table in the DataSource to bind to the control and the DataBind method to bind data from a source to a server control. This method is commonly used after retrieving a data set through a database query.

15. What base class do all Web Forms inherit from? System.Web.UI.Page

16. What method do you use to explicitly kill a user’s session?
    The Abandon method destroys all the objects stored in a Session object and releases their resources.
    If you do not call the Abandon method explicitly, the server destroys these objects when the session times out.
    
    Syntax: Session.Abandon

17. How do you turn off cookies for one page in your site?
    Use the Cookie.Discard Property which Gets or sets the discard flag set by the server. When true, this
    property instructs the client application not to save the Cookie on the user’s hard disk when a session ends.

18. Which two properties are on every validation control? ControlToValidate & ErrorMessage properties

19. What tags do you need to add within the asp:datagrid tags to bind columns manually?

20. How do you create a permanent cookie? Setting the Expires property to MinValue means that the Cookie never expires.

21. What tag do you use to add a hyperlink column to the DataGrid?

22. What is the standard you use to wrap up a call to a Web service?

23. Which method do you use to redirect the user to another page without performing a round trip to the client? Server.transfer()

24. What is the transport protocol you use to call a Web service? SOAP. Transport Protocols: It is essential for the acceptance of Web Services that they are based on established Internet infrastructure. This in fact imposes the usage of of the HTTP, SMTP and FTP protocols based on the TCP/IP family of transports. Messaging Protocol: The format of messages exchanged between Web Services clients and Web Services should be vendor neutral and should not carry details about the technology used to implement the service. Also, the message format should allow for extensions and different bindings to specific transport protocols. SOAP and ebXML Transport are specifications which fulfill these requirements. We expect that the W3C XML Protocol Working Group defines a successor standard.

25. True or False: A Web service can only be written in .NET. False.

26. What does WSDL stand for? Web Services Description Language

27. What property do you have to set to tell the grid which page to go to when using the Pager object?

28. Where on the Internet would you look for Web services? UDDI repositaries like uddi.microsoft.com, IBM UDDI node, UDDI Registries in Google Directory, enthusiast sites like XMethods.net.

29. What tags do you need to add within the asp:datagrid tags to bind columns manually? Column tag and an ASP:databound tag.

30. Which property on a Combo Box do you set with a column name, prior to setting the DataSource, to display data in the combo box?

31. How is a property designated as read-only? In VB.NET:
    

    Public ReadOnly Property PropertyName As ReturnType
     Get    ‘Your Property Implementation goes in here
     End Get
    End Property

    in C#

    public returntype PropertyName
    {
     get{
      //property implementation goes here
     }
     // Do not write the set implementation
    }

32. Which control would you use if you needed to make sure the values in two different controls matched? Use the CompareValidator control to compare the values
    of 2 different controls.

33. True or False: To test a Web service you must create a windows application or Web application to consume this service? False.

34. How many classes can a single .NET DLL contain? Unlimited.

ASP Dot Net Technical Interview Solved questions 5

ASP.Net Technical / HR Interview Basic and Advanced / Expert questions with answers

1. Describe the role of inetinfo.exe, aspnet_isapi.dll andaspnet_wp.exe in the page loading process. inetinfo.exe is theMicrosoft IIS server running, handling ASP.NET requests among other things.When an ASP.NET request is received (usually a file with .aspx extension),the ISAPI filter aspnet_isapi.dll takes care of it by passing the request tothe actual worker process aspnet_wp.exe.

2. What’s the difference between Response.Write() andResponse.Output.Write()?
   The latter one allows you to write formattedoutput.

3. What methods are fired during the page load? Init() - when the pageis instantiated, Load() - when the page is loaded into server memory,PreRender() - the brief moment before the page is displayed to the user asHTML, Unload() - when page finishes loading.

4. Where does the Web page belong in the .NET Framework class hierarchy?System.Web.UI.Page

5. Where do you store the information about the user’s locale? System.Web.UI.Page.Culture

6. What’s the difference between Codebehind= "MyCode.aspx.cs" andSrc="MyCode.aspx.cs"?
   CodeBehind is relevant to Visual Studio.NET only.

7. What’s a bubbled event? When you have a complex control, likeDataGrid, writing an event processing routine for each object (cell, button,row, etc.) is quite tedious. The controls can bubble up their eventhandlers, allowing the main DataGrid event handler to take care of itsconstituents.

8. Suppose you want a certain ASP.NET function executed on MouseOver overa
   certain button. Where do you add an event handler? It’s the Attributesproperty,
   the Add function inside that property. So

   btnSubmit.Attributes.Add("onMouseOver","someClientCode();")

   A simple”Javascript:ClientCode();” in the button control of the .aspx
   page will attach the handler (javascript function)to the onmouseover event.

9. What data type does the RangeValidator control support? Integer,String
   and Date.

10. Where would you use an iHTTPModule, and what are the limitations of any
    approach you might take in implementing one? One of ASP.NET’s most useful features is the extensibility of the HTTP pipeline, the path that data takes between client and server.
    You can use them to extend your ASP.NET applications by adding pre- and post-processing
    to each HTTP request coming into your application. For example, if you wanted custom authentication facilities for your application, the best technique would be to intercept the request when it comes in and process the request in a custom HTTP module.

11. Explain what a diffgram is, and a good use for one? A DiffGram is an XML format that is used to identify current and original versions of data elements. The DataSet uses the DiffGram format to load and persist its contents, and to serialize its contents for transport across a network connection. When a DataSet is written as a DiffGram, it populates the DiffGram with all the necessary information to accurately recreate the contents, though not the schema, of the DataSet, including column values from both the Original and Current row versions, row error information, and row order.

Keep watching Asp.net language more questions and other computer language questions here free..

ASP.net Technical HR Interview Questions 4

ASP / ADO / IIS Interview Questions:

Used by IBM Consulting Services

1. How many objects are there in ASP?

2. Which DLL file is needed to be registered for ASP?

3. If you want to initialize a global variable for an application, which is the right place to declare it? (like form or some other file).

4. What is diffrence between Server.transfer and Response.redirect.

5. Is there any inbuilt paging(for example shoping cart. which will show next 10 records without refreshing) in ASP? How will you do pating.

6. What does Server.MapPath do?

7. Name at least three methods of response object other than Redirect.

8. Name at least two methods of response object other than Transfer.

9. Tell few programming diffrence between ADO and DAO programming. What is state?

10. How many types of cookies are there?

11. Tell few steps for optimizing (for speed and resources) ASP page/application

This came in the mail from the reader who recently went through a job interview process. He didn’t mention the company name.

1. Why do you use Option Explicit?

2. What are the commonly used data types in VBScript?

3. What is a session object?

4. What are the three objects of ADO?

5. What are the lock-types available in ADO? Explain.

6. What are the cursor types available in ADO? Explain.

7. What is a COM component?

8. How do you register a COM component?

9. What is a virtual root and how do you create one?

10. What is a database index, how do you create one, discuss its pros and cons?

11. How do you use multiple record sets (rs.NextRecordSet)?

12. As soon as you fetch a record set, what operations would you perform?

13. Define a transaction. What are ACID properties of a transaction?

14. How would you remotely administer IIS?

15. What is RAID? What is it used for?

16. What is normalization? Explain normalization types.

17. What is the disadvantage of creating an index in every column of a database table?

18. What are the uses of source control software?

19. You have a query that runs slowly, how would you make it better? How would you make it better in .NET environment?

20. What is a bit datatype? What is it used for?

21. How would you go about securing IIS and MS-SQL Server?

22. What is the difference between Request(”field”) and Request.Form(”field”)?

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ASP.Net Tech Interview Questions and Answers 3

ASP Net Topics, tutorials and commonly asked basic / expert Technical Interview Notes / Questions and Complete Detailed Answers
WEBSERVICE & REMOTING

What is a WebService and what is the underlying protocol used in it?Why Web Services?
Web Services are applications delivered as a service on the Web. Web services allow for programmatic access of business logic over the Web. Web services typically rely on XML-based protocols, messages, and interface descriptions for communication and access. Web services are designed to be used by other programs or applications rather than directly by end user. Programs invoking a Web service are called clients. SOAP over HTTP is the most commonly used protocol for invoking Web services.
There are three main uses of Web services.

Application integration Web services within an intranet are commonly used to integrate business applications running on disparate platforms. For example, a .NET client running on Windows 2000 can easily invoke a Java Web service running on a mainframe or Unix machine to retrieve data from a legacy application.

Business integration Web services allow trading partners to engage in e-business leveraging the existing Internet infrastructure. Organizations can send electronic purchase orders to suppliers and receive electronic invoices. Doing e-business with Web services means a low barrier to entry because Web services can be added to existing applications running on any platform without changing legacy code.

Commercial Web services focus on selling content and business services to clients over the Internet similar to familiar Web pages. Unlike Web pages, commercial Web services target applications not humans as their direct users. Continental Airlines exposes flight schedules and status Web services for travel Web sites and agencies to use in their applications. Like Web pages, commercial Web services are valuable only if they expose a valuable service or content. It would be very difficult to get customers to pay you for using a Web service that creates business charts with the customers? data. Customers would rather buy a charting component (e.g. COM or .NET component) and install it on the same machine as their application. On the other hand, it makes sense to sell real-time weather information or stock quotes as a Web service. Technology can help you add value to your services and explore new markets, but ultimately customers pay for contents and/or business services, not for technology

Are Web Services a replacement for other distributed computing platforms?
No. Web Services is just a new way of looking at existing implementation platforms.

In a Webservice, need to display 10 rows from a table. So DataReader or DataSet is best choice?
A: WebService will support only DataSet.

How to generate WebService proxy? What is SOAP, WSDL, UDDI and the concept behind Web Services? What are various components of WSDL? What is the use of WSDL.exe utility?
SOAP is an XML-based messaging framework specifically designed for exchanging formatted data across the Internet, for example using request and reply messages or sending entire documents. SOAP is simple, easy to use, and completely neutral with respect to operating system, programming language, or distributed computing platform.
After SOAP became available as a mechanism for exchanging XML messages among enterprises (or among disparate applications within the same enterprise), a better way was needed to describe the messages and how they are exchanged. The Web Services Description Language (WSDL) is a particular form of an XML Schema, developed by Microsoft and IBM for the purpose of defining the XML message, operation, and protocol mapping of a web service accessed using SOAP or other XML protocol. WSDL defines web services in terms of "endpoints" that operate on XML messages. The WSDL syntax allows both the messages and the operations on the messages to be defined abstractly, so they can be mapped to multiple physical implementations. The current WSDL spec describes how to map messages and operations to SOAP 1.1, HTTP GET/POST, and MIME. WSDL creates web service definitions by mapping a group of endpoints into a logical sequence of operations on XML messages. The same XML message can be mapped to multiple operations (or services) and bound to one or more communications protocols (using "ports").
The Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) framework defines a data model (in XML) and SOAP APIs for registration and searches on business information, including the web services a business exposes to the Internet. UDDI is an independent consortium of vendors, founded by Microsoft, IBM, and Ariba, for the purpose of developing an Internet standard for web service description registration and discovery. Microsoft, IBM, and Ariba also are hosting the initial deployment of a UDDI service, which is conceptually patterned after DNS (the Internet service that translates URLs into TCP addresses). UDDI uses a private agreement profile of SOAP (i.e. UDDI doesn't use the SOAP serialization format because it's not well suited to passing complete XML documents (it's aimed at RPC style interactions). The main idea is that businesses use the SOAP APIs to register themselves with UDDI, and other businesses search UDDI when they want to discover a trading partner, for example someone from whom they wish to procure sheet metal, bolts, or transistors. The information in UDDI is categorized according to industry type and geographical location, allowing UDDI consumers to search through lists of potentially matching businesses to find the specific one they want to contact. Once a specific business is chosen, another call to UDDI is made to obtain the specific contact information for that business. The contact information includes a pointer to the target business's WSDL or other XML schema file describing the web service that the target business publishes.

ASP.Net computer language programming questions for 2008 asked in multinational companies' technical and HR interviews. The latest, recent questions with complete details, answers are given here..

How to generate proxy class other than .net app and wsdl tool?
To access an XML Web service from a client application, you first add a Web reference, which is a reference to an XML Web service. When you create a Web reference, Visual Studio creates an XML Web service proxy class automatically and adds it to your project. This proxy class exposes the methods of the XML Web service and handles the marshalling of appropriate arguments back and forth between the XML Web service and your application. Visual Studio uses the Web Services Description Language (WSDL) to create the proxy.
To generate an XML Web service proxy class:

From a command prompt, use Wsdl.exe to create a proxy class, specifying (at a minimum) the URL to an XML Web service or a service description, or the path to a saved service description.
Wsdl /language:language /protocol:protocol /namespace:myNameSpace /out:filename
/username:username /password:password /domain:domain

What is a proxy in web service? How do I use a proxy server when invoking a Web service?


asynchronous web service means?

What are the events fired when web service called?

How will do transaction in Web Services?

How does SOAP transport happen and what is the role of HTTP in it? How you can access a webservice using soap?

What are the different formatters can be used in both? Why?.. binary/soap

How you will protect / secure a web service?
For the most part, things that you do to secure a Web site can be used to secure a Web Service. If you need to encrypt the data exchange, you use Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or a Virtual Private Network to keep the bits secure. For authentication, use HTTP Basic or Digest authentication with Microsoft® Windows® integration to figure out who the caller is.
these items cannot:

Parse a SOAP request for valid values

Authenticate access at the Web Method level (they can authenticate at the Web Service level)

Stop reading a request as soon as it is recognized as invalid

http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/cpguide/html/cpcontransactionsupportinaspnetwebservices.asp

How will you expose/publish a webservice?

What is disco file?

What?s the attribute for webservice method? What is the namespace for creating webservice?
[WebMethod]
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;

What is Remoting?
The process of communication between different operating system processes, regardless of whether they are on the same computer. The .NET remoting system is an architecture designed to simplify communication between objects living in different application domains, whether on the same computer or not, and between different contexts, whether in the same application domain or not.

Difference between web services & remoting?


ASP.NET Web Services
.NET Remoting

Protocol
Can be accessed only over HTTP
Can be accessed over any protocol (including TCP, HTTP, SMTP and so on)

State Management
Web services work in a stateless environment
Provide support for both stateful and stateless environments through Singleton and SingleCall objects

Type System
Web services support only the datatypes defined in the XSD type system, limiting the number of objects that can be serialized.
Using binary communication, .NET Remoting can provide support for rich type system

Interoperability
Web services support interoperability across platforms, and are ideal for heterogeneous environments.
.NET remoting requires the client be built using .NET, enforcing homogenous environment.

Reliability
Highly reliable due to the fact that Web services are always hosted in IIS
Can also take advantage of IIS for fault isolation. If IIS is not used, application needs to provide plumbing for ensuring the reliability of the application.

Extensibility
Provides extensibility by allowing us to intercept the SOAP messages during the serialization and deserialization stages.
Very extensible by allowing us to customize the different components of the .NET remoting framework.

Ease-of-Programming
Easy-to-create and deploy.
Complex to program.


Though both the .NET Remoting infrastructure and ASP.NET Web services can enable cross-process communication, each is designed to benefit a different target audience. ASP.NET Web services provide a simple programming model and a wide reach. .NET Remoting provides a more complex programming model and has a much narrower reach.
As explained before, the clear performance advantage provided by TCPChannel-remoting should make you think about using this channel whenever you can afford to do so. If you can create direct TCP connections from your clients to your server and if you need to support only the .NET platform, you should go for this channel. If you are going to go cross-platform or you have the requirement of supporting SOAP via HTTP, you should definitely go for ASP.NET Web services.
Both the .NET remoting and ASP.NET Web services are powerful technologies that provide a suitable framework for developing distributed applications. It is important to understand how both technologies work and then choose the one that is right for your application. For applications that require interoperability and must function over public networks, Web services are probably the best bet. For those that require communications with other .NET components and where performance is a key priority, .NET Remoting is the best choice. In short, use Web services when you need to send and receive data from different computing platforms, use .NET Remoting when sending and receiving data between .NET applications. In some architectural scenarios, you might also be able to use.NET Remoting in conjunction with ASP.NET Web services and take advantage of the best of both worlds.
The Key difference between ASP.NET webservices and .NET Remoting is how they serialize data into messages and the format they choose for metadata. ASP.NET uses XML serializer for serializing or Marshalling. And XSD is used for Metadata. .NET Remoting relies on System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatter.Binary and System.Runtime.Serialization.SOAPFormatter and relies on .NET CLR Runtime assemblies for metadata.

latest asp.net technical interview expert questions with answers
Can you pass SOAP messages through remoting?

CAO and SAO.
Client Activated objects are those remote objects whose Lifetime is directly Controlled by the client. This is in direct contrast to SAO. Where the server, not the client has complete control over the lifetime of the objects.
Client activated objects are instantiated on the server as soon as the client request the object to be created. Unlike as SAO a CAO doesn?t delay the object creation until the first method is called on the object. (In SAO the object is instantiated when the client calls the method on the object)

singleton and singlecall.
Singleton types never have more than one instance at any one time. If an instance exists, all client requests are serviced by that instance.
Single Call types always have one instance per client request. The next method invocation will be serviced by a different server instance, even if the previous instance has not yet been recycled by the system.

What is Asynchronous Web Services?

Web Client class and its methods?

Flow of remoting?

What is the use of trace utility?
Using the SOAP Trace Utility
The Microsoft® Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) Toolkit 2.0 includes a TCP/IP trace utility, MSSOAPT.EXE. You use this trace utility to view the SOAP messages sent by HTTP between a SOAP client and a service on the server.

Using the Trace Utility on the Server
To see all of a service's messages received from and sent to all clients, perform the following steps on the server.

On the server, open the Web Services Description Language (WSDL) file.

In the WSDL file, locate the element that corresponds to the service and change the location attribute for this element to port 8080. For example, if the location attribute specifies change this attribute to .

Run MSSOAPT.exe.

On the File menu, point to New, and either click Formatted Trace (if you don't want to see HTTP headers) or click Unformatted Trace (if you do want to see HTTP headers).

In the Trace Setup dialog box, click OK to accept the default values.

Using the Trace Utility on the Client
To see all messages sent to and received from a service, do the following steps on the client.

Copy the WSDL file from the server to the client.

Modify location attribute of the element in the local copy of the WSDL document to direct the client to localhost:8080 and make a note of the current host and port. For example, if the WSDL contains , change it to and make note of "MyServer".

On the client, run MSSOPT.exe.

On the File menu, point to New, and either click Formatted Trace (if you don't want to see HTTP headers) or click Unformatted Trace (if you do want to see HTTP headers).

In the Destination host box, enter the host specified in Step 2.

In the Destination port box, enter the port specified in Step 2.

Click OK.

ASP.NET Technical Interveiw Latest Questions 2

1. How do you specify whether your data should be passed as Query string and Forms (Mainly about POST and GET)
   Through attribute tag of form tag.

2. What is the other method, other than GET and POST, in ASP.NET?

3. What are validator? Name the Validation controls in asp.net? How do u disable them? Will the asp.net validators run in server side or client side? How do you do Client-side validation in .Net? How to disable validator control by client side JavaScript?
   A set of server controls included with ASP.NET that test user input in HTML and Web server controls for programmer-defined requirements. Validation controls perform input checking in server code. If the user is working with a browser that supports DHTML, the validation controls can also perform validation ("EnableClientScript" property set to true/false) using client script.
   The following validation controls are available in asp.net:
   RequiredFieldValidator Control, CompareValidator Control, RangeValidator Control, RegularExpressionValidator Control, CustomValidator Control, ValidationSummary Control.

4. Which two properties are there on every validation control?
   ControlToValidate, ErrorMessage

5. How do you use css in asp.net? "Asp.net questions asked in leading it companies technical interviews MNCs for 2008 free with solutions / answers
   Within the section of an HTML document that will use these styles, add a link to this external CSS style sheet that
   follows this form:
   
   MyStyles.css is the name of your external CSS style sheet.

6. How do you implement postback with a text box? What is postback and usestate?
   Make AutoPostBack property to true

7. How can you debug an ASP page, without touching the code?

8. What is SQL injection?
   An SQL injection attack "injects" or manipulates SQL code by adding unexpected SQL to a query.
   Many web pages take parameters from web user, and make SQL query to the database. Take for instance when a user login, web page that user name and password and make SQL query to the database to check if a user has valid name and password.
   Username: ' or 1=1 ---
   Password: [Empty]
   This would execute the following query against the users table:
   select count(*) from users where userName='' or 1=1 --' and userPass=''

9. How can u handle Exceptions in Asp.Net?

10. How can u handle Un Managed Code Exceptions in ASP.Net?

11. Asp.net - How to find last error which occurred?
    A: Server.GetLastError();
    [C#]
    Exception LastError;
    String ErrMessage;
    LastError = Server.GetLastError();
    if (LastError != null)
    ErrMessage = LastError.Message;
    else
    ErrMessage = "No Errors";
    Response.Write("Last Error = " + ErrMessage);

1. How to do Caching in ASP? "Latest asp net tech / hr interview question
   A: <%@ OutputCache Duration="60" VaryByParam="None" %>

VaryByParam value	Description
none	One version of page cached (only raw GET)
*	n versions of page cached based on query string and/or POST body
v1	n versions of page cached based on value of v1 variable in query string or POST body
v1;v2	n versions of page cached based on value of v1 and v2 variables in query string or POST body

1. <%@ OutputCache Duration="60" VaryByParam="none" %>
   <%@ OutputCache Duration="60" VaryByParam="*" %>
   <%@ OutputCache Duration="60" VaryByParam="name;age" %>
   The OutputCache directive supports several other cache varying options

2. VaryByHeader - maintain separate cache entry for header string changes (UserAgent, UserLanguage, etc.)

• VaryByControl - for user controls, maintain separate cache entry for properties of a user control

• VaryByCustom - can specify separate cache entries for browser types and version or provide a custom GetVaryByCustomString method in HttpApplicationderived class

1. What is the Global ASA(X) File? "ASP.net technical Interview questions"

2. Any alternative to avoid name collisions other then Namespaces.
   A scenario that two namespaces named N1 and N2 are there both having the same class say A. now in another class i ve written
   using N1;using N2;
   and i am instantiating class A in this class. Then how will u avoid name collisions?
   Ans: using alias
   Eg: using MyAlias = MyCompany.Proj.Nested;

3. Which is the namespace used to write error message in event Log File?

4. What are the page level transaction and class level transaction?

5. What are different transaction options?

6. What is the namespace for encryption?

7. What is the difference between application and cache variables?

8. What is the difference between control and component?

9. You ve defined one page_load event in aspx page and same page_load event in code behind how will prog run?

10. Where would you use an IHttpModule, and what are the limitations of any approach you might take in implementing one?

11. Can you edit data in the Repeater control? Which template must you provide, in order to display data in a Repeater control? How can you provide an alternating color scheme in a Repeater control? What property must you set, and what method must you call in your code, in order to bind the data from some data source to the Repeater control?

12. What is the use of web.config? Difference between machine.config and Web.config?
    ASP.NET configuration files are XML-based text files--each named web.config--that can appear in any directory on an ASP.NET
    Web application server. Each web.config file applies configuration settings to the directory it is located in and to all
    virtual child directories beneath it. Settings in child directories can optionally override or modify settings specified in
    parent directories. The root configuration file--WinNT\Microsoft.NET\Framework\\config\machine.config--provides
    default configuration settings for the entire machine. ASP.NET configures IIS to prevent direct browser access to web.config
    files to ensure that their values cannot become public (attempts to access them will cause ASP.NET to return 403: Access
    Forbidden).
    At run time ASP.NET uses these web.config configuration files to hierarchically compute a unique collection of settings for
    each incoming URL target request (these settings are calculated only once and then cached across subsequent requests; ASP.NET
    automatically watches for file changes and will invalidate the cache if any of the configuration files change).
    http://samples.gotdotnet.com/quickstart/aspplus/doc/configformat.aspx

13. What is the use of sessionstate tag in the web.config file? - "asp net tutorials, guide, free questions and answers, programs questions download online instantaneously
    Configuring session state: Session state features can be configured via the section in a web.config file. To double the default timeout of 20 minutes, you can add the following to the web.config file of an application:
    timeout="40"
    />

1. What are the different modes for the sessionstates in the web.config file?

Off	Indicates that session state is not enabled.
Inproc	Indicates that session state is stored locally.
StateServer	Indicates that session state is stored on a remote server.
SQLServer	Indicates that session state is stored on the SQL Server.

1. What is smart navigation?
   When a page is requested by an Internet Explorer 5 browser, or later, smart navigation enhances the user's experience of the page by performing the following:

2. eliminating the flash caused by navigation.

• persisting the scroll position when moving from page to page.

• persisting element focus between navigations.

• retaining only the last page state in the browser's history.

1. Smart navigation is best used with ASP.NET pages that require frequent postbacks but with visual content that does not change dramatically on return. Consider this carefully when deciding whether to set this property to true.
   Set the SmartNavigation attribute to true in the @ Page directive in the .aspx file. When the page is requested, the dynamically generated class sets this property.

2. In what order do the events of an ASPX page execute. As a developer is it important to undertsand these events?

3. How would you get ASP.NET running in Apache web servers - why would you even do this?

4. What tags do you need to add within the asp:datagrid tags to bind columns manually

5. What base class do all Web Forms inherit from?
   System.Web.UI.Page

6. How can we create pie chart in asp.net?

7. Is it possible for me to change my aspx file extension to some other name?
   Yes.
   Open IIS->Default Website -> Properties
   Select HomeDirectory tab
   Click on configuration button
   Click on add. Enter aspnet_isapi details (C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v1.0.3705\aspnet_isapi.dll GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG)
   
   Open machine.config(C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v1.0.3705\CONFIG) & add new extension under tag
   

8. What is AutoEventWireup attribute for ?
   

ASP.NET Technical Interview Questions 1

1.Asp.net and asp ? differences?

Code Render Block	Code Declaration Block
	Compiled
Request/Response	Event Driven
	Object Oriented - Constructors/Destructors, Inheritance, overloading..
	Exception Handling - Try, Catch, Finally
	Down-level Support
	Cultures
	User Controls
	In-built client side validation
Session - weren't transferable across servers	It can span across servers, It can survive server crashes, can work with browsers that don't support cookies
built on top of the window & IIS, it was always a separate entity & its functionality was limited.	its an integral part of OS under the .net framework. It shares many of the same objects that traditional applications would use, and all .net objects are available for asp.net's consumption.
	Garbage Collection
	Declare variable with datatype
	In built graphics support
	Cultures

2.How ASP and ASP.NET page works? Explain about asp.net page life cycle?
**

3.Order of events in an asp.net page? Control Execution Lifecycle?

Phase	What a control needs to do	Method or event to override
Initialize	Initialize settings needed during the lifetime of the incoming Web request.	Init event (OnInit method)
Load view state	At the end of this phase, the ViewState property of a control is automatically populated as described in Maintaining State in a Control. A control can override the default implementation of the LoadViewState method to customize state restoration.	LoadViewState method
Process postback data	Process incoming form data and update properties accordingly.	LoadPostData method (if IPostBackDataHandler is implemented)
Load	Perform actions common to all requests, such as setting up a database query. At this point, server controls in the tree are created and initialized, the state is restored, and form controls reflect client-side data.	Load event (OnLoad method)
Send postback change notifications	Raise change events in response to state changes between the current and previous postbacks.	RaisePostDataChangedEvent method (if IPostBackDataHandler is implemented)
Handle postback events	Handle the client-side event that caused the postback and raise appropriate events on the server.	RaisePostBackEvent method(if IPostBackEventHandler is implemented)
Prerender	Perform any updates before the output is rendered. Any changes made to the state of the control in the prerender phase can be saved, while changes made in the rendering phase are lost.	PreRender event (OnPreRender method)
Save state	The ViewState property of a control is automatically persisted to a string object after this stage. This string object is sent to the client and back as a hidden variable. For improving efficiency, a control can override the SaveViewState method to modify the ViewState property.	SaveViewState method
Render	Generate output to be rendered to the client.	Render method
Dispose	Perform any final cleanup before the control is torn down. References to expensive resources such as database connections must be released in this phase.	Dispose method
Unload	Perform any final cleanup before the control is torn down. Control authors generally perform cleanup in Dispose and do not handle this event.	UnLoad event (On UnLoad method)

4. What are server controls?
   ASP.NET server controls are components that run on the server and encapsulate user-interface and other related functionality. They are used in ASP.NET pages and in ASP.NET code-behind classes.

5. What is the difference between Web User Control and Web Custom Control?
   Custom Controls
   Web custom controls are compiled components that run on the server and that encapsulate user-interface and other related functionality into reusable packages. They can include all the design-time features of standard ASP.NET server controls, including full support for Visual Studio design features such as the Properties window, the visual designer, and the Toolbox.
   There are several ways that you can create Web custom controls:

   • You can compile a control that combines the functionality of two or more existing controls. For example, if you need a control that encapsulates a button and a text box, you can create it by compiling the existing controls together.

   • If an existing server control almost meets your requirements but lacks some required features, you can customize the control by deriving from it and overriding its properties, methods, and events.

   • If none of the existing Web server controls (or their combinations) meet your requirements, you can create a custom control by deriving from one of the base control classes. These classes provide all the basic functionality of Web server controls, so you can focus on programming the features you need.

   If none of the existing ASP.NET server controls meet the specific requirements of your applications, you can create either a Web user control or a Web custom control that encapsulates the functionality you need. The main difference between the two controls lies in ease of creation vs. ease of use at design time.
   Web user controls are easy to make, but they can be less convenient to use in advanced scenarios. You develop Web user controls almost exactly the same way that you develop Web Forms pages. Like Web Forms, user controls can be created in the visual designer, they can be written with code separated from the HTML, and they can handle execution events. However, because Web user controls are compiled dynamically at run time they cannot be added to the Toolbox, and they are represented by a simple placeholder glyph when added to a page. This makes Web user controls harder to use if you are accustomed to full Visual Studio .NET design-time support, including the Properties window and Design view previews. Also, the only way to share the user control between applications is to put a separate copy in each application, which takes more maintenance if you make changes to the control.
   Web custom controls are compiled code, which makes them easier to use but more difficult to create; Web custom controls must be authored in code. Once you have created the control, however, you can add it to the Toolbox and display it in a visual designer with full Properties window support and all the other design-time features of ASP.NET server controls. In addition, you can install a single copy of the Web custom control in the global assembly cache and share it between applications, which makes maintenance easier.

   Web user controls	Web custom controls
   Easier to create	Harder to create
   Limited support for consumers who use a visual design tool	Full visual design tool support for consumers
   A separate copy of the control is required in each application	Only a single copy of the control is required, in the global assembly cache
   Cannot be added to the Toolbox in Visual Studio	Can be added to the Toolbox in Visual Studio
   Good for static layout	Good for dynamic layout

   
   (Session/State)

6. Application and Session Events
   The ASP.NET page framework provides ways for you to work with events that can be raised when your application starts or stops or when an individual user's session starts or stops:

   • Application events are raised for all requests to an application. For example, Application_BeginRequest is raised when any Web Forms page or XML Web service in your application is requested. This event allows you to initialize resources that will be used for each request to the application. A corresponding event, Application_EndRequest, provides you with an opportunity to close or otherwise dispose of resources used for the request.

   • Session events are similar to application events (there is a Session_OnStart and a Session_OnEnd event), but are raised with each unique session within the application. A session begins when a user requests a page for the first time from your application and ends either when your application explicitly closes the session or when the session times out.

   You can create handlers for these types of events in the Global.asax file.

7. Difference between ASP Session and ASP.NET Session?
   asp.net session supports cookie less session & it can span across multiple servers.

8. What is cookie less session? How it works?
   By default, ASP.NET will store the session state in the same process that processes the request, just as ASP does. If cookies are not available, a session can be tracked by adding a session identifier to the URL. This can be enabled by setting the following:
   
   http://samples.gotdotnet.com/quickstart/aspplus/doc/stateoverview.aspx

9. How you will handle session when deploying application in more than a server? Describe session handling in a webfarm, how does it work and what are the limits?
   By default, ASP.NET will store the session state in the same process that processes the request, just as ASP does. Additionally, ASP.NET can store session data in an external process, which can even reside on another machine. To enable this feature:

   • Start the ASP.NET state service, either using the Services snap-in or by executing "net start aspnet_state" on the command line. The state service will by default listen on port 42424. To change the port, modify the registry key for the service: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\aspnet_state\Parameters\Port

   • Set the mode attribute of the section to "StateServer".

   • Configure the stateConnectionString attribute with the values of the machine on which you started aspnet_state.

   The following sample assumes that the state service is running on the same machine as the Web server ("localhost") and uses the default port (42424):
   

   Note that if you try the sample above with this setting, you can reset the Web server (enter iisreset on the command line) and the session state value will persist.
   **

10. What method do you use to explicitly kill a users session?
    Abandon()

11. What are the different ways you would consider sending data across pages in ASP (i.e between 1.asp to 2.asp)?
    Session
    public properties

12. What is State Management in .Net and how many ways are there to maintain a state in .Net? What is view state?
    Web pages are recreated each time the page is posted to the server. In traditional Web programming, this would ordinarily mean that all information associated with the page and the controls on the page would be lost with each round trip.
    To overcome this inherent limitation of traditional Web programming, the ASP.NET page framework includes various options to help you preserve changes ? that is, for managing state. The page framework includes a facility called view state that automatically preserves property values of the page and all the controls on it between round trips.
    However, you will probably also have application-specific values that you want to preserve. To do so, you can use one of the state management options.
    Client-Based State Management Options:
    View State
    Hidden Form Fields
    Cookies
    Query Strings
    Server-Based State Management Options
    Application State
    Session State
    Database Support

13. What are the disadvantages of view state / what are the benefits?
    Automatic view-state management is a feature of server controls that enables them to repopulate their property values on a round trip (without you having to write any code). This feature does impact performance, however, since a server control's view state is passed to and from the server in a hidden form field. You should be aware of when view state helps you and when it hinders your page's performance.

14. When maintaining session through Sql server, what is the impact of Read and Write operation on Session objects? will performance degrade?
    Maintaining state using database technology is a common practice when storing user-specific information where the information store is large. Database storage is particularly useful for maintaining long-term state or state that must be preserved even if the server must be restarted.
    **

15. What are the contents of cookie?
    **

16. How do you create a permanent cookie?
    **

17. What is ViewState? What does the "EnableViewState" property do? Why would I want it on or off?
    **

18. Explain the differences between Server-side and Client-side code?
    Server side code will process at server side & it will send the result to client. Client side code (javascript) will execute only at client side.

19. Can you give an example of what might be best suited to place in the Application_Start and Session_Start subroutines?
    **

20. Which ASP.NET configuration options are supported in the ASP.NET implementation on the shared web hosting platform?
    A: Many of the ASP.NET configuration options are not configurable at the site, application or subdirectory level on the shared hosting platform. Certain options can affect the security, performance and stability of the server and, therefore cannot be changed. The following settings are the only ones that can be changed in your site?s web.config file (s):
    browserCaps
    clientTarget
    pages
    customErrors
    globalization
    authorization
    authentication
    webControls
    webServices
    http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/cpguide/html/cpconaspnetconfiguration.asp

21. Briefly describe the role of global.asax?

22. How can u debug your .net application?

23. How do u deploy your asp.net application?

24. Where do we store our connection string in asp.net application?

25. Various steps taken to optimize a web based application (caching, stored procedure etc.)

26. How does ASP.NET framework maps client side events to Server side events.
    
    (Security)

27. Security types in ASP/ASP.NET? Different Authentication modes?

28. How .Net has implemented security for web applications?

29. How to do Forms authentication in asp.net?

30. Explain authentication levels in .net ?

31. Explain autherization levels in .net ?

32. What is Role-Based security?
    A role is a named set of principals that have the same privileges with respect to security (such as a teller or a manager). A principal can be a member of one or more roles. Therefore, applications can use role membership to determine whether a principal is authorized to perform a requested action.
    **

33. How will you do windows authentication and what is the namespace? If a user is logged under integrated windows authentication mode, but he is still not able to logon, what might be the possible cause for this? In ASP.Net application how do you find the name of the logged in person under windows authentication?

34. What are the different authentication modes in the .NET environment?

    ="WindowsFormsPassportNone">   ="name"
                          loginUrl="url" 
                          protection="AllNoneEncryptionValidation"
                          timeout="30" path="/" >
                          requireSSL="truefalse"
                          slidingExpiration="truefalse">      ="ClearSHA1MD5">         ="username" password="password"/>                          internal"/>

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